Out-of-Control Repairmen
Imagine if you called up your cable TV company to fix the reception on your television, but the repair person who arrived went through your house chopping up the connecting wires instead. That’s more or less what these misguided microglia do to synapses. Aside from what it can do to your brain, scientists in Germany have found that other nervous tissue in the body is vulnerable to similar immune system harm as we age. In a German lab study on animals, the scientists discovered that nerves that control grip strength can accumulate large numbers of cells called endoneurial macrophages (similar to the brain’s microglia) as the animals get older. When the macrophages start eating away at the nerves, the animals lose grip strength and control of muscles. But in this experiment, when the macrophage population around the nerve tissue was thinned out, strength and muscle control improved.2Luteolin to the Rescue!
One of your best bets to fight back against these immune system malfunctions is to consume foods that contain luteolin, a special kind of plant pigment. Rich sources of this nutrient include celery, peppers, rosemary, olive oil, carrots, chamomile and peppermint. According to researchers at the University of Illinois, luteolin can drastically slow down the release of substances in the brain called cytokines that spur inflammation and overactive microglia. And in lab tests, the Illinois scientists discovered that luteolin could improve learning and the recall of memories. Luteolin made older brains function more like younger brains, with fewer inflammatory substances in brain tissue.3 Supporting these findings, researchers in Germany have discovered that luteolin can produce epigenetic effects in microglia – i.e. this nutrient can change the function of genes that control microglial behavior. As a result, the microglia become anti-inflammatory. Under luteolin’s influence microglia take on antioxidant duties in the brain and work to protect neurons and their synapses -- instead of threatening their existence.4 A wealth of other research is piling up showing that luteolin also:- Protects the blood-brain barrier: Tests in Asia demonstrate luteolin’s role in maintaining this barrier and keeping toxins and other undesirable particles in the blood from entering the brain.5
- Defends against depression: Research in Japan suggests that luteolin may reduce the chances of depression by altering the function of mitochondria in nerve cells.6
- Helps slow down the harm to neurons caused by Parkinson’s disease: An investigation in India shows that luteolin can reduce free radical damage to dopamine-producing neurons when Parkinson’s disease strikes.7
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29563239
- http://www.jneurosci.org/content/38/19/4610
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20685893
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2819254/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28245546/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28962277/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25087727/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30206627